This my summarization of State Of Art Paper from the creator of the Sociometric Badge. Here is the .pdf.

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  • This stuff is actually have started even before I touched senior highschool.
  • Yet I just started this in 2016 XD.

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  • This paper is brought by Daniel Olguin Olguin and Professor Alex "Sandy" Pentland.
  • I have seen these names a lot in article and paper regarding Sociometric Badge.

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  • The most basic function of Sociometric Badge.
    • Able to measure amount of face to face interaction.
    • Conversational time.
    • Physical activity level measured using xyz sensor.
    • Physical proximity to other people wearing the same badge.
    • Prosodic style. Prosodic is the study of suprasegmental characteristics of speech, like intonation, rhythm and stress, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosody_(linguistics).
      • Intonation.
      • Rhythm.
      • Stress.

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  • Active Badge developed at Olivetti Research in 1990.
  • However, this company is not relevant anymore.

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  • The Active Badge contains small microprocessor and infrared transmitter.
  • This badge is able to broadcast identity of the wearer and trigger things. For example these are things that can be automated.
    • Automatic door.
    • Automatic telephone call forwarding.
    • Computer display.

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  • The main application at that time was as an aid for telephone receptionist and mainly to track people inside a office environment.

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  • Then there was Thinking Tags in 1996.
  • Thinking Tags were the first computational augmented name tags.
  • Thinking Tags is capable to display what things are in common when two people meet in conference or meeting.
  • This was achieved depending on how many question that these people answered that has same answer.

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  • Two years later in 1998 there is Meme Tag.
  • Meme was based in Richard Dawkins' The Selfish Gene book at that time.
  • Meme Tag allows people to electronically share brief ideas or opinion through a rather large LCD screen.
  • This system is then evolved into nTag System.
  • nTag system offers commercial solution to improve, measure, and automate meetings and events.

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  • A year later in 1999 there was Wearable Sensor Badge developed at Phillips Research Labs.
  • This device is able to detecting simple activities using accelerometer.
  • There there was iBadge to capture interaction with student, teacher, and common classroom object within classroom environment.

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  • There was SocioMeter.
  • SocioMeter is a wearable sensor package designed to measure face to face interactions between people with an infrared transceiver, a microphone, and 2 accelerometer.
  • This was used to mapping a network of social interaction.

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  • The cons is that the size of SocioMeter is big and also a bit heavy for common wearable devices.

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  • There was UbER Badge.
  • It was developed at the MIT Media Lab.
  • It has these.
    • Audio output via 3.5 mm headphone jack.
    • Flash memory capacity.
    • IR communication.
    • LED display capable of showing graph and scrolling texts.
    • Microphone for audio sampling.
    • Pager motor for vibratory feedback.
    • RF communication.
    • And a lot of other connectors for these.
      • LCD Display.
      • Attaching other sensors.

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  • The best known communication badge is the Vocera Communication Badge.
  • The system has a servers that maintains these things.
    • Badge session identifiers.
    • Email addresses.
    • Names.
    • Telephone numbers.
    • Voice dialing phrases.
  • This Vocera Communication Badge is more into communication rather than sociometric measurements.

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  • The current state of the art of Sociometric Badge is to measure individual and group behavior in social sciences.
  • Researchers should not worry anymore to conduct social test using interviews or surveys.

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  • Surveys and observations are time consuming and this Sociometric Badge is here as an experimental research platform.

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  • They expect Sociometric Badge to have high demand in research communities and later in consumer market for self monitoring devices.
  • So expect this to be in researchers hand first then in end consumers hand.

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  • The main functionality of this Sociometric Badge is to automatically capture individual and group pattern of social behaviors.

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  • Later this social pattern can be used to determine these matters.
    • Identify social affinity from this person to another person.
    • Unconscious signals.

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  • More so, Sociometric Badge need to be able to provide feedback to its user (either real time or not).

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  • The method of capturing social signals is different than using the expensive camera to videotaping social interactions.

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  • Direct observation of humans by humans is expensive.
  • This also limited to the number of observer.
  • Observers do not always agree on matters (I am not sure what they meant by this).

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  • Using camera is expensive and limited to a particular space (well not anymore, nowadays you can buy cheap and small camera).
  • Surveys is inaccurate and time consuming.
  • Below are examples of Sociometric Badge implementations.
    • Intelligent hospitals.
    • Knowledge management and collaboration tools.
    • Personal sales coach.
    • Sensible organizations.
    • The future of health care.
    • Virtual worlds and social networking sites.

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  • Sensible organizations mean to make an organization to give feedback and know the social structure within the organization.
  • The Sociometric Badge offered capability to these matters.
    • Capable of monitoring human behavior.
    • Extracting meaningful information.
    • Provides the employees with performance evaluations and recommendations.
    • Provides the manager with group performance metrics.

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  • Knowledge management and collaboration tools is basically my idea about building people wiki.
  • Knowledge management and collaboration tools provides employees with a knowledge base for discovering other colleagues working with similar projects or colleagues that has specific expertise and specific interest.

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  • This knowledge management and collaboration tools automatically monitors organization social structure adn group people based on their knowledge and expertise.

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  • For example these are things that the knowledge management and collaboration tools can do.
    • Data mining of digital documents.
    • Face to face interaction.
    • Monitoring emails.
    • Monitoring instant messaging.
    • Monitoring other form of communications.
  • I am not sure if the points about monitoring are correct or if I just misinterpret things.
  • Nevertheless, the knowledge management and collaboration tools provides information on how social structure within an organization works.
  • Then give hints on how to engineer and optimize organizations.

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  • The other implementations of this Sociometric Badge is in health care.

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  • Sociometric Badge can be used as a self monitoring device that alerts user if their family members has early symptoms of depression.

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  • Sociometric Badge can be used as well to monitor daily activities of elderly people.
  • For example it can detect falls of behavioral changes, then alert the nearby family members or medically capable of this potentially dangerous situation.

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  • Another thing is for managing obesity.
  • Sociometric Badge and mobile phone could be used to keep track of these things.
    • Energy expenditure.
    • Food intake.
    • Daily routines.
    • Provides feedback and suggestions to the user.

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  • Another implementations of Sociometric Badge is to make intelligent hospitals.
  • This is similar on what Vocera Badge has achieved.
  • In this paper Sociometric Badge can be used to provide information on location and specific person for right moment.

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  • Often time errors occur during nurse time - shifts.
  • This wearable device can be used to monitor interaction between nurses and alert them on what kind information that should be told that would reduce the amount of errors incurred.

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  • Sociometric Badge can be used as well to provide doctor in emergency situation.
  • To track patients as they moved from one to another facility within the hospital.
  • To transfer patient's psychological data as they moved inside the hospital or for future reference.

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  • Sociometric Badge can be used as a personal sales coaching as well.
  • It tells the user on what kind of matters will pull or push costumers.

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  • Sociometric Badge gives advice on how to interact with clients more effectively.

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  • The problem was at that moment (2007) sales were lacking on sufficient feedback on their selling capability.

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  • Top performing sales usually have these skills.
    • Exhibit a lot of enthusiasm.
    • Form a personal bond with the customer.
    • Have a good communication skills.

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  • Sociometric Badge can also be used in virtual worlds and social networking sites.

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  • Interaction in online video games and social networking sites is limited to text chat.
  • However, Sociometric Badge can offer different layer of communication by knowing personal social signals to other player within world wide web.

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  • Sociometric Badge provides new dimension of communication support.

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  • The long term goal of Sociometric Badge is to set interventions and recommendations that can lead to better individual.

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  • Electronics will eventually become smaller.

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  • Hence, Sociometric Badge will also become light weight and smaller.